Obtaining appropriate data remains one of the core challenges in addressing fuel poverty. The development of national targets for eradicating fuel poverty and reducing carbon emissions, along with centrally funded and directed programmes targeting fuel poor households and tackling substandard properties, has generated a demand for a robust but user-friendly evidence base from which those responsible for the delivery of schemes can develop their plans. In addition, in order for national government, the energy sector and researchers to review progress, a common system of measurement is needed to monitor the relative performance of different areas. The complexity of the issues and the scientific considerations involved, however, require a sophisticated method that accounts for a number of variables and can employ data to project future outcomes in order that informed decisions can be made about where resources may be best targeted.